Category Archives: Behaviour

Marital Disagreements & Wives

Marital Disagreements & Wives

2014-07-03

New Study: It Matters More For Wives To Calm Down After An Argument Than Husbands

Turns out there’s a lot of truth in “happy wife, happy life” — or least “happy wife, happy marriage,” anyway.

A recent study conducted by researchers at UC Berkeley found that, when it comes to happy marriages, it’s more important that the wife keeps her cool during an argument than the husband.

The study found that, in fact, both husbands and wives were equally capable of keeping their temper during a conflict (which is interesting and refreshing evidence to hear as generalizations are often made about both sexes regarding temper). However, when they looked at the long-term results, “the husbands’ emotional regulation had little or no bearing on long-term marital satisfaction.”

The 80 couples in the study were part of a cohort of 156 heterosexual couples that researchers at UC Berkeley have been tracking since 1989.

The study confirms a long-time stereotype that wives are the “peacemakers” in heterosexual relationships.

The senior author of the study, psychologist Robert Levenson, suggested that the potential reason for this is that when wives offer solutions it generally helps the conflict, whereas when husbands offer solutions, they can often be “criticize[d] for leaping into problem-solving mode too quickly.”

However, a co-author of the study, Claudia Haase made the point that as gender roles have shifted and changed over the years, the dynamics of the middle-aged couples in the sample may not be reflective of young couples today.

Most young people today are progressing toward gender equality in their relationships. Part of achieving this is having both spouses feel comfortable expressing their opinions and not having either one consistently playing the role of peace-maker or decision-maker.

Diffusing conflicts of a sensitive nature with your spouse can be difficult, but we have some advice about how to diffuse an argument, even when you feel certain that you’re right.

One excellent answer came from OilyB:

“If it’s someone I love and the subject of the argument is small enough, I try to restore love and connection; it’s more important than being right sometimes.

If the subject is more important I try to find the emotion/emotional need behind their statement or behavior, vice versa with mine. If the feeling or need is valid we try to find a different strategy for nurturing that need. This incorporates the ability to want to fully listen to and understand what the other person says, even if you really don’t agree . It’s a sign of intelligence when one is capable of discussing an idea one is totally opposed to.

Last resort: acceptance of a difference of opinion or need. Acceptance is a muscle everybody needs to train.”

Sometimes in disagreements with loved ones, how each party feels is more important than the facts or details of the argument. For example, if one person in the relationship thinks the other is cheating on them and it turns out to be untrue, what’s more important is the bigger issue — that there is clearly a problem with trust in that relationship — rather than the fact that one person was wrong about the other cheating on them.

Gender dynamics in couples are definitely changing, seemingly, generally for the better. And keeping an open mind and trying to put oneself in the shoes of the other is advice that both husbands and wives can take to the bank.

 

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Have you had the ‘sext’ talk with your kids?

Have you had the ‘sext’ talk with your kids?

2014-07-02

 

It’s called sexting, the act of sending and/or receiving sexually explicit text or photo messages via your mobile phone. And one in five middle school-aged students are doing it, according to a new study published in the medical journal Pediatrics.

Among the 1,285 Los Angeles students aged 10 to 15 surveyed for the study, 20% reported having received at least one sext, while 5% reported having sent at least one sext.

“Very frequently it’s the image or the sex, that is finding its way to the middle schooler first, prior to any sort of conversation or education” by parents, said Ian Kerner, a sexuality counselor and father to two boys. “That makes it even more confusing (for kids).”

The study authors also looked at how sexting relates to sexual behavior among these adolescents. The survey showed that those who reported receiving a sext, were six times more likely to report being sexually active than teens who hadn’t received a sext. Those who sent a sext were about 4 times more likely to report being sexually active.

The researchers also found that those who sext were more likely to report having unprotected sex.

While the study does not offer an explanation for the link – Are sexting teens simply more likely to admit to their sexual activity? Does sexual activity lead to sexting or vice versa? – the authors do elaborate on the relationship between sexting and sexual behaviors.

Kerner, who was not involved in the research, suggests parents try to remember the confusion over sex they experienced as teens, and then imagine going through it again in the digital age.

“I think that technology definitely acts as an amplifier. If you think about previous generations, it was much harder to access, much less share, sexual imagery,” Kerner said.

Previous research has shown that having sex earlier in life can lead to risky sexual behaviors, such as engaging with multiple partners, teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.

policy statement recently released by the American Academy of Pediatrics says that the prevalence rates of many sexually transmitted infections are highest among adolescents. The second-highest rates for chlamydia and gonorrhea, for example, are in females 15 to 19 years old.

The study authors say parents should have the “sexting” conversation with their child as soon as he or she is given a mobile phone.

“Most kids by middle school will have a cell phone or regular access to one, and many will send multiple, if not hundreds, of texts each day,” said Dr. Yolanda Evans, a board certified pediatrician in the division of adolescent medicine at Seattle Children’s Hospital.

Kerner says parents play a big role in how kids deal with sex – as middle schoolers and as adults.

“I feel like the information age, the digital age, pornography – it’s all here to stay… And I don’t think the right attitude is to just pretend it’s not there,” he said. “The thing that we need to do as parents and educators is help our kids develop healthy sexual identities and patterns and choices.”

 

 

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Husbands, If You Want a Good Night’s Sleep Make Sure Your Wife Is Happy

Husbands, If You Want a Good Night’s Sleep Make Sure Your Wife Is Happy

2014-06-06

 @@stephy_burnett

happy wife
A new study finds that sleep-wake schedules are more synchronized when a wife is content

A happier wife may bring better sleep for husbands.

According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, married couples are more likely to sleep in sync when a wife is more satisfied with her marriage.

The study indicates that partners who sleep in the same bed are awake, or asleep, at the same time for 75 percent of the time – but it also suggests that the percentage is higher if the wife has a higher level of marital satisfaction.

“Most of what is known about sleep comes from studying it at the individual level; however, for most adults, sleep is a shared behavior between bed partners,” said Heather Gunn, lead author of the study.

“This suggests that our sleep patterns are regulated not only by when we sleep, but also by with whom we sleep.”

What Women Find Attractive

What Women Find Attractive

2014-05-13

Is it a charming personality, a razor wit, a six figure salary, or six pack abs that call the ladies to you? Since the dawn of time men have been trying to figure out what women really find attractive. Now with the help of New York relationship specialist Irina Firstein, LCSW the mystery will finally be solved (knowmore.tv). First, a woman wants to feel safe with her man. She wants to feel supported. Her desire to feel protected by him comes from our Stone Age ancestors. But if she feels like she’s holding him up instead of the other way around, it’s a major turn-off. Most women desire someone who is taller than her and fit physically, to fulfill her need to be protected, to feel safe and cared for. If you aren’t so fit, perhaps make an effort to eat right, fit an exercise regimen into your weekly routine and show her that you want to be around to take care of her. Next, women are generally attracted to success. It’s due to the fact that historically speaking men were the providers. You don’t need to be a vice president in a company or have a tremendous stock portfolio however. It’s true that money and success are attractive to women. But being passionate, having a goal and working toward that goal is just as attractive, provided you communicate these to her and let her feel your commitment and drive.

Women love to talk, that’s no surprise. But our culture actually acculturates men to be the strong, silent type. This is the exact opposite of what a woman wants. Women like guys who truly listen to them, give feedback, sympathize and support them emotionally. One of the most attractive things a guy can do is really listen and validate how she is feeling. One of the things guys have a hard time understanding is when it’s time to give advice and when it is time to merely listen and validate. The best way to do this is to always listen, validate her feelings than ask if she wants any advice. Don’t paper over her emotions with male logic or you will put distance between the two of you. Women love social butterflies. If you have a lot of friends or know how to work a room you will draw them in. Be charming, funny and witty. Many a lady has been charmed into bed by a few well-placed jokes. Be chivalrous and respectful. Open the door for her. Put your hand on the small of her back and lead her into or out of a restaurant. She will notice and it will send electric currents of love straight to her heart. Lastly, women want to be desired. Show her how much you want her and care for her. Woo her. Do things for her. Write her love letters, send her flowers for no reason, and surprise her. Follow this advice and the apple of your eye will soon be part of your ambrosia of love.

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This is you on stress

This is you on stress

2014-04-24

Editor’s note: Dr. Gail Saltz is a psychiatrist, columnist, bestselling author and television commentator.

(Health.com) — I was late to work. What if I lose my job? How will I find time to grocery shop? My family is going to starve. Could this headache mean I have cancer?

Even if your head doesn’t spin with these exact worries when it hits the pillow at night, there’s probably something similar whirring through your brain, keeping you up just when you should be powering down.

As a psychiatrist, I see many women who battle with anxieties, and not just at night. They obsess about their children, their marriage, their finances, their job, their parents; about sickness, accidents, disappointments and assorted other upsets that come under the heading Bad Things That Could Happen.

This is the nature of anxiety — an unpleasant emotional experience caused by the unpredictability and uncontrollability of the future and the ways that it could hurt you.

We all experience anxiety. It’s the mental part of fear, which is a biological response to a threat or danger. From an evolutionary perspective, fear is what has helped us humans survive for so long: It impels us to run away or hide if we see, say, a bear approaching.

And if you are in a park known to have many bears, it’s totally normal and logical to feel anxious even if you don’t see one, because this makes you cautious and keeps you from leaving food out at your campsite.

But what if you are at work and you start thinking about a camping trip you might take with your family and grow very worried that you could encounter a bear that might maul you or your kids, resulting in utter tragedy? This is when anxiety no longer serves a useful function and becomes a real problem — when you can’t stop obsessing about the possibility of something terrible happening, no matter how small or remote it is.

Trying to have it all just adds to the anxiety many women feel. I hear frequently from my New York City-area patients that the burden of balancing a healthy relationship and turning out great kids while remaining financially afloat (and looking young and staying fit, of course) leaves them fried and fretting.

A patient I’ll call S.W. came in reporting that she was exhausted from waking up in the middle of the night concerned that she wouldn’t get the next big project at work, her son wouldn’t make the basketball team, her husband wouldn’t get that raise and they wouldn’t be able to afford a down payment on the house she wanted. Then, when she was awake, she felt little jolts of stress all over again. S.W. did not have an anxiety disorder per se but rather a normal, albeit hefty, dose of worry.

It is possible, though, to retrain an anxious brain. I helped S.W. learn how to lower both the frequency and the amplitude of her worry so she could sleep better and be much more productive during the day as a result — and you can learn how, too.

Why we worry

S.W.’s story isn’t unique, nor is the fact that her husband doesn’t tend to fret about this stuff: Believe it or not, it’s partly because of the way women’s brains are wired.

A woman’s limbic cortex — the area responsible for emotional processing — is larger on average than a man’s, leaving more potential space for worry to live. Guys’ brains also tend to produce more of the soothing neurotransmitter serotonin.

Then there’s the psychological impact of society’s expectations for women. While, over the years, husbands have certainly stepped up the domestic duties they perform, women often still feel that they’re responsible for the household. And while men may consider it a job well done if they’ve made an effort, we often stress out if we don’t do every little thing flawlessly — from getting a balanced meal on the table to making sure our kids’ hair is combed — even though perfection isn’t always under our control.

One group of worriers I see growing, in fact, is the smart and successful woman. She’s juggling a lot, and she understands not only how many balls she has in the air but how many can drop. She may also worry about worrying so much, which makes her feel worse.

Think yourself oh-so-calm

This kind of stressing is normal, but it’s not inevitable: There are things you can do to take the wind out of worry’s sails.

First, note that anxiety tends to be future-oriented (What if something happens?) and quickly escalates to the most dire of consequences (Then I’ll be broke, divorced, homeless, dead).

But is there really any evidence for these outcomes? Challenging your fears before they get very far prevents them from blowing out of proportion and keeps new ones from cropping up. Ask yourself, “Is this something that’s about to happen or something that might happen in a faraway, imaginary future? Do I have any control over the outcome?” Try to take steps to manage what you can — finally setting up your 401(k) so you don’t go broke, spending more one-on-one time with your spouse to remind yourself of your solid relationship.

When thoughts pop up about things that you can’t control, whether it’s being laid off or widowed, say to yourself, “That’s just my mind doing its worry shtick again.” Then move on.

You should also take advantage of the mind-body connection. When you perceive danger, adrenaline surges through your body, which causes you to breathe faster and sweat harder. This reaction in the body feeds back to your mind, making you nervous and often leading your brain to invent dire outcomes that are unlikely to occur.

Breaking that cycle can interrupt the worrisome thoughts. To do that, try slow, deep breathing for a few minutes each day or whenever you’re freaking out. Put your hand over your abdomen and breathe in for a count of five, then out for five.

Muscle relaxation also calms the body. Sitting in a quiet place, tighten each muscle group in your body — starting with your feet and working your way up to your head — for a count of five, then release. Or use visual imagery: Picture a beautiful and relaxing place you’ve been to or seen.

The truth is, life will never be worry-free. But if you learn how to wrangle your fears, you’ll feel happier in the here and now, instead of spending your energy trying to detect a bear far, far down the road.

This article originally appeared on Health.com.

Stop Obsessing Over Finding The Perfect Partner

Stop Obsessing Over Finding The Perfect Partner

Alexandra Sifferlin

When it comes to relationships, we disagree over who makes the ideal mate Evolution tells it straight: Some people make more desirable partners than others. Current theories on mate value go a little like this: People who have it all, including good looks and status, can land a partner who also has it all. The people who don’t, well, they’re going to have to settle.But new research published in theJournal of Personality and Social Psychology suggests what anyone who’s fallen for a pretty face knows: finding the ideal partner for you is much more complicated. In fact, the more we get to know someone, the more our opinion of their desirability changes.

To reach these findings, the researchers at the University of Texas at Austin conducted three studies in which they asked participants to rate a group of people for their perceived value. Some of the factors were basic, like how attractive they are, or how outgoing. Other factors went deeper, with participants ranking whether a person seemed likely to be a good, committed partner.

In the first study, participants rated people they’d never met; in the second study they rated people they’d known for a few months; and in the third study they rated people they had known for at least three years. When people ranked individuals they didn’t know, people tended to agree on who was a catch and who wasn’t—it came down to superficial markers like good looks and likability. But researchers also found that as people got to know each other, perceptions changed and people tended to disagree about who seemed like a good partner and who didn’t.

“[As we spend more time with someone] we stop agreeing on how desirable or undesirable they are,” says study author Dr. Paul W. Eastwick, an assistant professor in the department of human development and family sciences. “We start to have very idiosyncratic opinions of one another.” The findings show that who we ultimately determine to be an ideal mate is unique, and we can greatly differ in our opinions of who is attractive, intelligent, popular, and who would make a good relationship partner.

So when it comes down to it, sure: At “hello,” some people have a leg up on others. But once someone is a known quantity, their desirability isn’t so clear-cut: Attractiveness and social status give way to compatibility and how suitable someone is for an actual relationship. “These findings are a good thing if people don’t care about getting the [conventionally ideal] mate, but care about finding the mate that is good and compatible for them,” says Eastwick.

Why hitting 50 has never been more fun

Why hitting 50 has never been more fun

2014-04-09

Apparently, we all now want to charge over the top into our 50s – and no wonder

By 

How tremendously cheering to learn that women in their 50s are happier, more self assured and more confident than their younger, and generally-speaking firmer counterparts.

Yay! I’m not there yet (not for decades, as my youngest, bless her Hello Kitty socks really does believe I’m 29) but it’s always good to know the lay of the land before heading blindly over the top.

Apparently one reason why ladies d’un certain age feel so darn good about themselves is that they have stopped fretting about their bodies, which presumably frees up more headspace for improving literature and spa breaks and learning circus skills.

And about time too. There’s not a mature woman alive who hasn’t looked at a photo of themselves aged 22 and winsome or 35 and poised or 48 and magnificent and wondered why on earth they frittered so much energy worrying about their thighs and lurching miserably from one insane cabbage soup or high protein or low self-esteem diet to another, when they were perfectly gorgeous they way they were.

I’m not mocking. Not at all. Mea culpa; it’s the agony and the ecstasy of being a woman in a society where we are judged – and, even more exactingly, judge ourselves – on our looks.

It was Bette Davis who acidly remarked that “getting old is not for sissies”, but I would suggest being young isn’t always a walk in the park either.

Youth is precious and fleeting and fabulous. But try telling that to the average 20-something crippled with insecurity and self-doubt.

If we’d known then what we know now, we’d all have taken more chances, or fewer chances or different ones at any rate and had given ourselves a break and loved our bottoms a bit more not sweated the small stuff, endlessly.

But hey, that’s the upside of growing older. And if the trade-off for wisdom and the sense of who-gives-a-fig freedom is a less than pert derriere or a few extra laughter lines, well ladies, it’s a price well worth paying.

Left-Handed People Have Better Sex, Study Finds

Left-Handed People Have Better Sex, Study Finds

2014-04-04

Samantha Grossman @sam_grossman

We foresee a line of “Lefties do it better” t-shirts debuting soon

Life can be pretty tough for left-handed people. For example, they can’t use those those university classroomdesks and they struggle with everyday devices like can openers.

Apparently, though, left-handed people ultimately prevail over their right-handed counterparts because they have better sex.

According to a recent survey, lefties are 71% more satisfied in the sack than righties.

Of the 10,000 people surveyed, 86% of left-handed people reported being “Extremely Satisfied” with their sex lives, compared to just 15% of righties. Just 15%! Too bad, so sad.

It’s hard to say exactly why lefties are more fulfilled, but we assume it’s because while righties are off doing things that are engineered for righties — like using desks or playing video games or opening cans — lefties are off perfecting other skills.

When Popularity Backfires: Climbing the Social Ladder Can Lead to Bullying

When Popularity Backfires: Climbing the Social Ladder Can Lead to Bullying

2014-04-03

Alice Park

Kids who gain the most status middle and high school are targets of a lesser-known pattern of aggression

There are certain truths that we have come to accept about the social hierarchy in middle and high schools – the popular kids rule the halls, while the less conventional ones, who dress, think or act differently, are marginalized at the bottom. And indeed, studies have documented how most of the victims of bullying are those who occupy the lower rungs of the social ladder — in 2011, nearly 30% of students aged 12 years to 18 years reported being bullied, either in school or via the internet, according to the National Center for Education Statistics.

But a new study suggests that social outcasts aren’t the only targets of bullying and aggression, and that increasing one’s social status can lead to being ostracized, teased, and threatened. “This second pattern of aggression is among kids who are relatively popular targeting their rivals, and this tends to escalate until they climb to the very top rung of the social ladder,” says Robert Faris, associate professor of sociology at the University of California Davis.

Faris was interested in understanding bullying at a deeper level, to identify “hotspots” of conflict and aggression in school-based hierarchies. He and his colleague Diane Felmlee, professor of sociology at Pennsylvania State University, investigated whether there were other reasons for students’ aggression toward one another, such as using it as a tool for social climbing.

Their results, published in American Sociological Review, suggest that kids get bullied not only when they don’t fit in, but also when they are simply trying to avoid being victims by moving up the social ladder. “As social status increases, the involvement in aggression–both as perpetrator and now as victims–also tends to go up until they get to the very top, when things start to reverse,” says Faris.

To detect this phenomenon, Faris and his co-author Diane Felmlee, professor of sociology at Pennsylvania State University, studied more than 4,200 students in eighth, ninth, and tenth grades during the 2004 to 2005 school year. In the fall, at the beginning of school year, they asked the students to record their five closest friendships. With that information, the researchers created a social map resembling a bird’s nest. Those with the shortest paths to the most students were given higher ranks on the social status scale. This exercise was repeated in the spring of the same academic year so Faris could compare changes in status against students’ reports of being victimized, which included verbal insults, physical aggression, being the target of damaging rumors, and continued and relentless harassment.

For both boys and girls who began the school year in the 50thpercentile, for example, but moved to the 95th percentile, the chances that they were targeted for some type of aggression increased by 25% compared to those who remained in the 50th percentile.

The students also answered questions about their anxiety, depression, anger, attachment to the school, and how socially central they felt in the school network. Not only were the socially mobile and relatively more popular students victimized more than the socially stable teens, they were also more sensitive to the effects of bullying. They reported higher rates of anxiety, depression, and anger, and lower rates of feeling central to their social group. Faris suspects that may result from the fact that these students have invested more time and self-esteem in their social status, and feel they have more to lose if they are ostracized.

Girls were disproportionately the target of this alternate type of bullying. The highest rates of such aggression occurred between girls, and boys were also more likely to target girls who were moving up socially than boys who were doing the same.

“One of the things we hope to call attention to is the group of people whom we don’t often think of as being bullied,” says Faris. While much of the aggression may not fit the classic definition of bullying, the verbal taunting and the ostracizing, both in the real world and online through social media, can have devastating consequences. And understanding that its victims may not always fit the commonly accepted criteria of outcasts who don’t fulfill social norms can lead to more effective ways of recognizing and even reducing bullying behavior – of all types – in schools.

How to Raise Happy Kids: 10 Steps Backed by Science

How to Raise Happy Kids: 10 Steps Backed by Science

2014-03-31

Eric Barker-When you ask parents what they want for their kids, what’s usually the most common reply? They want their children to be happy.

the well-being of children is more important to adults than just about anything else–health care, the well-being of seniors, the cost of living, terrorism, and the war in Iraq. More than two-thirds of adults say they are “extremely concerned” about the well-being of children, and this concern cuts across gender, income, ethnicity, age, and political affiliation.

Now there’s tons of info on raising smart kidsand successful kids, but how do you raise happykids?

Sometimes it’s hard to balance what’s best for children with what makes them happy — but the two don’t have to be mutually exclusive.

Happier kids are more likely to turn into successful, accomplished adults.

…happiness is a tremendous advantage in a world that emphasizes performance. On average, happy people are more successful than unhappy people at both work and love. They get better performance reviews, have more prestigious jobs, and earn higher salaries. They are more likely to get married, and once married, they are more satisfied with their marriage.

So looking at the science, what really works when it comes to raising happy kids?

Step 1: Get Happy Yourself

The first step to happier kids is, ironically, a little bit selfish.

How happy you are affects how happy and successful your kids are — dramatically.

Extensive research has established a substantial link between mothers who feel depressed and “negative outcomes” in their children, such as acting out and other behavior problems. Parental depression actually seems to cause behavioral problems in kids; it also makes our parenting less effective.

And this is not merely due to genetics.

…although the study did find that happy parents are statistically more likely to have happy children, it couldn’t find any genetic component.

So what’s the first step to being a happier you? Take some time each week to have fun with friends.

Because laughter is contagious, hang out with friends or family members who are likely to be laughing themselves. Their laughter will get you laughing too, although it doesn’t even need to in order to lighten your mood. Neuroscientists believe that hearing another person laugh triggers mirror neurons in a region of the brain that makes listeners feel as though they are actually laughing themselves.

Step 2: Teach Them To Build Relationships

Nobody denies learning about relationships is important — but how many parents actually spend the time to teach kids how to relate to others?

(Just saying “Hey, knock it off” when kids don’t get along really doesn’t go far in building essential people skills.)

It doesn’t take a lot. It can start with encouraging kids to perform small acts of kindness to build empathy.

This not only builds essential skills and makes your kids better people, research shows over the long haul it makes them happier.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who were trained to provide compassionate, unconditional positive regard for other MS sufferers through monthly fifteen-minute telephone calls “showed pronounced improvement in self-confidence, self-esteem, depression, and role functioning” over two years. These helpers were especially protected against depression and anxiety.

Step 3: Expect Effort, Not Perfection

Note to perfectionist helicopter parents and Tiger Moms: cool it.

Relentlessly banging the achievement drum messes kids up.

Parents who overemphasize achievement are more likely to have kids with high levels of depression, anxiety, and substance abuse compared to other kids.

The research is very consistent: Praise effort, not natural ability.

The majority of the kids praised for their intelligence wanted the easier puzzle; they weren’t going to risk making a mistake and losing their status as “smart.” On the other hand, more than 90 percent of growth mind-set-encouraged kids chose a harder puzzle.

Why? Dweck explains: “When we praise children for the effort and hard work that leads to achievement, they want to keep engaging in that process. They are not diverted from the task of learning by a concern with how smart they might — or might not — look.”

Step 4: Teach Optimism

Want to avoid dealing with a surly teenager? Then teach those pre-teens to look on the bright side.

Ten-year-olds who are taught how to think and interpret the world optimistically are half as prone to depression when they later go through puberty.

Author Christine Carter puts it simply: “Optimism is so closely related to happiness that the two can practically be equated.”

She compares optimists to pessimists and finds optimists:

  1. Are more successful at school, work and athletics
  2. Are healthier and live longer
  3. End up more satisfied with their marriages
  4. Are less likely to deal with depression and anxiety

Step 5: Teach Emotional Intelligence

Emotional intelligence is a skill, not an inborn trait.

Thinking kids will just “naturally” come to understand their own emotions (let alone those of others) doesn’t set them up for success.

A simple first step here is to “Empathize, Label and Validate” when they’re struggling with anger or frustration.

Molly: “I am SO SO SO MAD AT YOU.”

Me: “You are mad at me, very mad at me. Tell me about that. Are you also feeling disappointed because I won’t let you have a playdate right now?”

Molly: “YES!! I want to have a playdate right NOW.”

Me: “You seem sad.” (Crawling into my lap, Molly whimpers a little and rests her head on my shoulder.)

Relate to the child, help them identify what they are feeling and let them know that those feelings are okay (even though bad behavior might not be).

Step 6: Form Happiness Habits

We’re on step 6 and it might seem like this is already a lot to remember for you — let alone for a child. We can overcome that withgood habits.

Thinking through these methods is taxing but acting habitually is easy, once habits have been established.

How do you help kids build lasting happiness habits? Carter explains a few powerful methods backed by research:

  1. Stimulus removal: Get distractions and temptations out of the way.
  2. Make It Public: Establish goals to increase social support — and social pressure.
  3. One Goal At A Time: Too many goals overwhelms willpower, especially for kids. Solidify one habit before adding another.
  4. Keep At It: Don’t expect perfection immediately. It takes time. There will be relapses. That’s normal. Keep reinforcing.

Step 7: Teach Self-Discipline

Self-discipline in kids is more predictive of future success than intelligence — or most anything else, for that matter.

Yes, it’s that famous marshmallow test all over again. Kids who better resisted temptation went on to much better lives years later and were happier.

…preschoolers’ ability to delay gratification–to wait for that second marshmallow–predicts intelligence, school success, and social skills in adolescence. This is at least in part because self-discipline facilitates learning and information processing. In addition, self-disciplined kids cope better with frustration and stress and tend to have a greater sense of social responsibility. In other words, self-discipline leads not just to school success and sitting nicely at the dinner table but to greater happiness, more friends and increased community engagement.

What’s a good way to start teaching self-discipline? Help kids learn to distract themselves from temptation.

One way to do it is to obscure the temptation–to physically cover up the tempting marshmallow. When a reward is covered up, 75 percent of kids in one study were able to wait a full fifteen minutes for the second marshmallow; none of the kids was able to wait this long when the reward was visible.

Step 8: More Playtime

We read a lot about mindfulness and meditation these days — and both are quite powerful.

Getting kids to do them regularly however can be quite a challenge. What works almost as well?

More playtime.

Most kids already practice mindfulness — fully enjoying the present moment — when they play. but kids today spend less time playing both indoors and out… All told, over the last two decades, children have lost eight hours per week of free, unstructured, and spontaneous play…

Playtime isn’t just goofing off. It’s essential to helping kids grow and learn.

Researchers believe that this dramatic drop in unstructured playtime is in part responsible for slowing kids cognitive and emotional development… In addition to helping kids learn to self-regulate, child-led, unstructured play (with or without adults) promoted intellectual, physical, social, and emotional well-being. Unstructured play helps children learn how to work in groups, to share, negotiate, resolve conflicts, regulate their emotions and behavior, and speak up for themselves.

No strict instructions are necessary here: Budget more time for your kids to just get outside and simply play.

Step 9: Rig Their Environment For Happiness

We don’t like to admit it, but we’re all very much influenced by our environment – often more than we realize.

Your efforts will be constrained by time and effort, while context affects us (and children) constantly.

What’s a simple way to better control a child’s surroundings and let your deliberate happiness efforts have maximum effect?

Less TV.

…research demonstrates a strong link between happiness and not watching television. Sociologists show that happier people tend to watch considerably less television than unhappy people. We don’t know whether TV makes people unhappy, or if already unhappy people watch more TV. But we do know that there are a lot of activities that will help our kids develop into happy, well-adjusted individuals. If our kids are watching TV, they aren’t doing those things that could be making them happier in the long run.

Step 10: Eat Dinner Together

Sometimes all science does is validate those things our grandparents knew all along. Yes, family dinner matters.

This simple tradition helps mold better kids and makes them happier too.

Studies show that kids who eat dinner with their families on a regular basis are more emotionally stable and less likely to abuse drugs and alcohol. They got better grades. they have fewer depressive symptoms, particularly among adolescent girls. And they are less likely to become obese or have an eating disorder. Family dinners even trump reading to your kids in terms of preparing them for school. And these associations hold even after researchers control for family connectedness…

Sum Up

Here are the ten steps:

  1. Get Happy Yourself
  2. Teach Them To Build Relationships
  3. Expect Effort, Not Perfection
  4. Teach Optimism
  5. Teach Emotional Intelligence
  6. Form Happiness Habits
  7. Teach Self-Discipline
  8. More Playtime
  9. Rig Their Environment For Happiness
  10. Eat Dinner Together

We’re often more open to new methods when it comes to work and careers, but ignoring tips when it comes to family is a mistake.

The most important work you and I will ever do will be within the walls of our own homes.

– Harold B. Lee

I hope this post helps your family be happier.